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§14 · 10 tips

Account and information security

What is the first step if an account is hacked or your phone is lost?

Tips from this section that apply in the United States.

Turn on two-step verification for your email, payment and social accounts, and prefer a confirmation pop-up on your phone over a text-message code

Two-step verification means that when you sign in, besides the password you confirm a second time that it is really you. Tapping "yes" on a pop-up on your phone blocks more than 90% of phishing-based account takeovers. The older method of answering questions like "where did you last sign in" or "what is your backup email" stops only about 10% of them.

  • Top value
  • Evidence A
  • Saves money

Give your email its own password, and don't reuse it on any website

A password stolen from another website gets used to log straight into your email. Once someone is in your email, every account that can reset its password by email goes down with it. So give your email its own password and use it nowhere else.

  • High value
  • Evidence C
  • Saves money

Set a lock-screen passcode on your phone and a PIN on the SIM card

The SIM card is the small card inside your phone, and text-message codes arrive through it. If you lose your phone, whoever finds it can pull this card out, put it in another phone to receive the codes, and then reset your accounts one by one. If you set a PIN on the card, then once the card is moved to another phone it asks for this code as soon as the phone starts, and that route is closed.

  • Top value
  • Evidence C
  • Saves money

When your phone is lost, follow this order: report the SIM card lost, lock the phone remotely, change passwords, call the police, freeze your bank cards

The order matters more than speed. First report the SIM card lost, which cuts off the lifeline of verification codes. Next lock the phone remotely, then use a computer to change your email and payment passwords, then call the police and get a receipt, and finally freeze your bank cards if needed. If you don't have your phone, you can borrow someone else's to call the carrier's customer service and report the loss.

  • Top value
  • Evidence C
  • Saves money

Check your accounts' signed-in devices and authorized apps every so often, and remove the ones you don't use

"Signed-in devices" are the phones and computers that can still use your account right now. If the list shows a device you don't recognize, or software you stopped using long ago is still connected to your account, change the password first, then sign out of all devices. In your email, also check for any automatic forwarding you didn't set up.

  • Moderate value
  • Evidence C
  • Saves money

Don't hand your code, keys and private files to an unknown "AI relay service" (AI 中转站), especially when you let the AI run commands automatically

A relay sits between you and the model provider, and it can see and change what you send and the answers that come back. One study tested more than 400 relays: 9 injected malicious code into the answers, and 17 used cloud-service keys that the researchers had planted on purpose. If you let the AI run commands automatically, one altered command is enough to let someone take control of your computer.

  • Moderate value
  • Evidence B
  • Keeps you free

Mainland China only 4 tips

These tips describe mainland-China rules and do not apply in the United States; they are here for people living in China.